Saturday, August 27, 2022

Can a pig heart replace a human heart? — A matter of resonance

By Dr. Sun-TCM


The first pig heart transplant in human history:

On January 7 of 2022, the University of Maryland Medical Center performed the world's first pig heart transplant for David Bennett. There are two technical innovations in this operation: One, this is the first transplant operation with the heart of a xenogeneic animal; Two, this pig heart is not an ordinary pig heart, but a genetically engineered one. The researchers deleted three genes in the pig heart that would cause rejection by the human immune system and one gene that would cause heart overgrowth. In addition, they inserted six human genes responsible for immune receptivity into the pig heart. These genetic modifications were all made to reduce immune rejection.

(please refer to full article for details: 

https://www.medschool.umaryland.edu/news/2022/University-of-Maryland-School-of-Medicine-Faculty-Scientists-and-Clinicians-Perform-Historic-First-Successful-Transplant-of-Porcine-Heart-into-Adult-Human-with-End-Stage-Heart-Disease.html)


Generally, the biggest obstacle to organ transplantation is the patient's immune rejection of the transplanted organ. The human immune system will instinctively reject things that do not belong to the human body. This is why organ transplantation requires a suitable donor organ.  Even if a so-called "matched" donor organ is transplanted, the patient still needs to take immunosuppressants to reduce the immune system's rejection of the transplanted organ. However, suitable human donor organs are difficult to find, and many patients suffer or even die in the long wait. This has forced the medical community to start exploring the feasibility of using animal organs for transplantation. Thus, this pig heart transplant is regarded as a groundbreaking operation.


The transplant operation was successful, but the patient died after 2 months. 

The operation on Jan 7 was successful.  After the operation, Bennett woke up and felt recovered. The transplanted heart performed well for several weeks without any signs of rejection.  However, the patient tragically died 2 months later.


(Please refer to full article for details: https://www.npr.org/2022/03/09/1085420836/pig-heart-transplant)


What were the reasons for the patient's death? A TCM theory may explain. 

For this result, the first thing people think of is immune rejection. However, the pig heart has been genetically engineered to greatly reduce the likelihood of immune rejection.  Moreover, the hospital reported no rejections in the weeks following surgery. So, what other unknown factors are there?


While the scientists and doctors were investigating the reasons for Bennett 's death and even before they reached a conclusion, I put forward a prediction that Bennett died of organ failure, instead of immunity rejection. 


My prediction was based on a TCM-derived theory of Qi-Blood Resonance, which is not known by mainstream medicine. The theory was first proposed by Dr. Weigong Wang, a late professor of National Taiwan University. 


Dr. Weigong Wang’s theory of Qi-Blood resonance:

Dr. Wang obtained his PhD degree in Biophysics from Johns Hopkins University in the 1960s. For the past several decades, he had been investigating the science underlying TCM. Simply put, he proposes that the heart is not just a simple mechanical pump, and the blood circulation is not simply driven by the mechanical force of heart beat, because the energy consumed by each heart beat is too small to drive the whole blood volume in the body. Instead, blood circulation is accomplished by all the organs through harmonic resonance (1-3). 


To understand it better, we can make the analogy: the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys are just like the musical instruments in a symphony orchestra, such as pianos, violins, cellos, etc. Although they have different shapes and make different sounds, these sounds resonate in frequency to play a harmonious piece of music. The heart is the leading instrument and sets the tone for the entire orchestra. So one can imagine that other organs "suck in" the blood through harmonic resonance with the heart, rather than being forced in by the force of the heart beat.


This theory is supported by modern physics and physiology. Here are a few examples:

  1. Arterial blood is ejected from the left atrium, first hitting the 180-degree curved aortic arch.  According to the principle of fluid mechanics, this design is not conducive to the transport of blood. However, it is well explained by the resonance theory: in the aortic arch, the kinetic energy (气,Qi) of blood is converted into vibration potential energy, which is conducted in the circulation system in the form of vibration waves.

2.    The branches of the arteries entering each organ are almost perpendicular to the aorta, which is also meant to generate vibrational energy rather than simple blood perfusion.

3.    Small animals, such as mice, rabbits, etc., usually have a fast heart rate. More interestingly, mammalian body size is inversely proportional to heart rate. The larger the animal, the slower the heart rate. This phenomenon can’t be explained by the current theory for blood circulation. On the contrary, the harmonic resonance theory can explain it very well. That is, the larger the animal, the larger its body cavity (resonance cavity), and the more efficient the resonance, so the heart can pump more blood in each beat.

(Please refer to the original article for details: 

https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/73722/heart-rate-vs-body-size)


After establishing the role of qi-blood resonance in blood circulation, Professor Wang further proposed that meridians, acupoints and organs form a Qi-Blood resonance network, which can be regulated by acupuncture, meditation, Qi Gong and herbs. Thus, the Theory of Qi-Blood Resonance is one of the fundamental theories for uncovering the secrets of TCM. 


Now let us come back to this question: Can a pig heart replace a human heart?

First of all, each person's heart is highly compatible with other organs and the entire body to achieve harmonic resonance. The resonance will be affected if certain organs are damaged, deformed, or sickened because of meridian stasis. Restlessness and emotional fluctuations will also affect the harmonic resonance of the organs and ultimately affect the blood supply of the organs. Therefore, the transplanted organ must not only overcome the patient's immune rejection, but also match the patient's other organs for harmonic resonance. The pig heart is very different from the human heart in size, anatomical shape (such as resonance cavity) and beating frequency, so harmonic resonance is more difficult to achieve. In this case, the heart will be very laborious and consume more energy to deliver the blood, which overtime results in heart failure.  


The autopsy results confirmed my prediction.

After months of pathological examination and analysis, a scientific team at the University of Maryland School of Medicine concluded that the patient didn’t die of immune rejection, but died of heart failure. This result exactly confirmed my prediction, strongly indicating that the theory of Qi-Blood Resonance is correct. 



(Please refer to the original article for details:

https://www.nbcnews.com/health/heart-health/first-man-receive-transplanted-pig-heart-died-heart-failure-not-reject-rcna37078


The best treatment is prevention. 


In summary, this operation has made important progress in reduction of the immune rejection through genetic engineering. However, genes are not the only factors that determine the fate of organ transplant. The harmonic resonance between the heart and different organs is another determinant factor for organ function and holistic body health. 


The theory of harmonic resonance in the human body is important for us to understand why acupuncture, massage, Qigong and meditation can benefit our health, because they are the techniques that improve harmonic resonance. 


In my opinion, organ transplantation is a medical procedure of saving lives when there are no other options. Although it needs to be developed and optimized, it can’t become the main direction of medical advances. It would be tragic to let it overshadow the existing, genuine strategies we have for helping those suffering from heart failure. Xenotransplantation or animal-to-human transplantation has serious medical and ethical concerns, making it indefensible as a strategy for addressing heart diseases. 


The best treatment is prevention. TCM focuses more efforts on disease prevention than treatment. It has developed many effective ways to prevent heart diseases from getting to the point that a transplant is needed. To learn more about TCM in modern terms, please stay with us for many articles to come in future. 


Reference:


  1. Wang, Y.-Y. L., Wang, G.-C., Chen, Y.-H., Guo, D.-J. & Wang, W.-K. The eccentric position of the heart in the mammalian body and optimal energy transfer in single tube models. Physiological measurement 26, 99–108 (2005). 

  2. Wang, Y.-Y. L., Jan, M.-Y., Shyu, C.-S., Chiang, C.-A. & Wang, W.-K. The natural frequencies of the arterial system and their relation to the heart rate. IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering 51, 193–195 (2004). 

  3. Wang, Y.-Y. L. & Wang, W.-K. Anatomy of arterial systems reveals that the major function of the heart is not to emit waves associated with the axial blood motion. The Journal of physiology 592, 409–409 (2014). 

  4. Wang, Y.-Y. L. et al. Examining the response pressure along a fluid-filled elastic tube to comprehend Frank’s arterial resonance model. Journal of biomechanics 48, 907–910 (2015).

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